Ironier och katakreser
Populismens logik eller kommunismens idé?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52610/rhs.v27i85.88Nyckelord:
Populism, Slavoj Žižek, Ernesto Laclau, Democracy, Irony, CatachresisAbstract
Denna artikel tar sin utgångspunkt i ett skifte inom retorikämnets demokratiförståelse där ett agonistiskt eller antagonistiskt perspektiv alltmer kommit att ersätta det konsensusinriktade demokratibegrepp som tidigare varit dominerande. Mer specifikt handlar det om hur denna förändrade utgångspunkt påverkar analysen av populistisk retorik då den, inom ramen för detta nya perspektiv, inte längre kan avfärdas som otvetydigt antidemokratisk. Artikeln tar sig an denna fråga genom en läsning av två tänkare av antagonismen, Slavoj Žižek och Ernesto Laclau, samt deras diskussion över populismen. Genom exempel hämtade från Nya Moderaternas retoriska förvandling under tiden i Allians för Sverige ämnar artikeln att, ur Žižeks och Laclaus respektive tänkande, utvinna två motsatta perspektiv på hur vi kan förstå retoriciteten hos det politiskas antagonistiska ontologi. Genom att, likt Laclau, lägga fokus på katakresen eller, likt Žižek, på ironin, kan en antagonistiskt orienterad retorik utveckla två motsatta perspektiv på populismens relation till demokratin.
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