Defining populist rhetoric: An investigation of Donald Trumps electoral campaign 2016
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52610/rhs.v23i79.36Keywords:
Populism, populist rhetoric, Donald Trump, rhetorical agency, electoral rhetoric, political rhetoricAbstract
Populist movements experience success, while established parties and institutions such as human rights, free trade deals, the EU and NATO are framed as enemies of the people. But what exactly is populism and what constitutes populist rhetoric? Through an extensive reading of Donald Trump’s electoral campaign this article advances an understanding of populism as a rhetorical phenomenon and develops a theoretical model for analyzing populist rhetoric.
References
BBC News, Donald Trump’s female supporters defend presidential candidate, BBC News, 2016, 14. oktober. www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-37656148
Bitzer, Lloyd F., ”The Rhetorical Situation,” Philosophy and Rhetoric 25, Supplementary Issue, (1992) [1968], 1-14. På dansk: “Den retoriske situation“, introduktion og oversættelse Jens E. Kjeldsen, Rhetorica Scandinavica 3, 1997.
Campbell, Karlyn Kohrs, ”Agency: Promiscuous and Protean.” Communication and Critical/Cultural Studies 2, (1, 2005), 1-19.
Canovan, Margaret, ”Two strategies for the study of populism,” Political Studies XXX (4, 1982), 544-552.
Canovan, Margaret, “Trust the people! Populism and the two faces of democracy,” Political Studies 47 (1, 1999), 2-16.
Ceccarelli, Leah, “Polysemy: Multiple Meanings in Rhetorical Criticism,” Quarterly Journal of Speech 84 (4, 1998), 395-415.
Charland, Maurice, ”Constitutive rhetoric: The case of the peuple québécois,” Quarterly Journal of Speech 73 (2, 1987), 133-150.
Erlich, Howard S., ”Populist rhetoric reassessed: A paradox,” Quarterly Journal of Speech 63 (1977), 140-151.
Gunderson, Robert G., ”The calamity howlers,” Quarterly Journal of Speech 26 (3, 1940), 401-411.
Hoff-Clausen, Elisabeth, Isager, Christine og Villadsen, Lisa S., ”Retorisk agency. Hvad skaber retorikken?,” Rhetorica Scandinavica (33, 2005), 56-65.
Jagers, Jan og Walgrave, Stefaan, ”Populism as political communication style: An empirical study of political parties’ discourse in Belgium,” European Journal of Political Research 46 (2007), 319-345.
Jasinski, James. Sourcebook on rhetoric. Sage Publications, 2001.
Jørgensen, Charlotte, ”Public Debate – An Act of Hostility?,” Argumentation 12 (4, 1998), 431-443.
Kristof, Nicholas, Is Donald Trump a Racist? New York Times, 2016, 23. juli. www.nytimes.com/2016/07/24/opinion/sunday/is-donald-trump-a-racist.html?_r=0
Laclau, Ernesto. On Populist Reason. Verso, 2005.
Lee, Michael J., ”The Populist Chameleon: The People’s Party, Huey Long, George Wallace, and the Populist Argumentative Frame,” Quaterly Journal of Speech 92 (4, 2006), 355-378.
Lomas, Charles W., ”Dennis Kearney: Case study in demagoguery,” Quarterly Journal of Speech 41 (3, 1955), 234-242.
McGee, Michael C., ”In search of ’the people’: A rhetorical alternative,” Quaterly Journal of Speech 61 (3, 1975), 235-249.
Milbank, Dana, Donald Trump is a bigot and a racist, The Washington Post, 2015, 1. december.www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/donald-trump-is-a-bigot-and-a-racist/2015/12/01/a2a47b96-9872-11e5-8917-653b65c809eb_story.html?utm_term=.54102b08f7ac
Miller, Carolyn R., ”What Can Automation Tell Us about Agency?,” Rhetoric Society Quarterly 37 (2, 2007), 137-157.
Moffitt, Benjamin. The Global Rise of Populism. Stanford University Press, 2016.
Mudde, Cas. Populist Radical Right Parties. Cambridge University Press, 2007.
Mudde, Cas og Kaltwasser, Cristóbal Rovira. Populism. A very short introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017.
Müller, Jan-Werner, Hvad er populisme? Informations Forlag, 2016.
Neff, Blake, BLM: Trump Pledging ’Law And Order’ Makes Him Like Hitler, The Daily Caller, 2016, 22. juli. http://dailycaller.com/2016/07/22/blm-trump-pledging-law-and-order-makes-him-like-hitler/
O’Connor, Lydia og Marans, Daniel, Here Are 13 Examples of Donald Trump Being Racist. The Huffington Post, 2016, 29. februar. www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/donald-trump-racist-examples_us_56d47177e4b03260bf777e83
Rand, Erin.”Why we love to hate Larry Kramer.” The Effects of Rhetoric and the Rhetoric of Effects. Past, Present, Future i red. Kiewe, Amos og Houck. Davis W. University of South Carolina Press, 2015, 193-214.
Reiter, Gry Inger. ”Interview med amerikansk historiker: ’Trump handler på ting, som Obama lovede at handle på’.” Politiken (2017, 9. april).
Silver, Nate, How Trump Hacked The Media, Fivethirtyeight, 2016, 30. marts. https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/how-donald-trump-hacked-the-media/
Silver, Nate, Was The Democratic Primary A Close Call Or A Landslide? Fivethirtyeight, 2016, 27. juli. http://fivethirtyeight.com/features/was-the-democratic-primary-a-close-call-or-a-landslide/
Sloane, Thomas O. Encyclopedia of Rhetoric. Oxford University Press, 2001.
Stavrakakis, Yannis.”Antinomies of formalism.” Journal of Political Ideologies 9 (3, 2004), 253-267.
Steen, Jens Jonatan og Reiter, Gry Inger. Tag bladet fra munden. En introduktion til politisk framing. Samfundslitteratur, 2015.
Taggart, Paul. Populism. Open University Press, 2000.
Vatz, Richard E., ”The Myth of the Rhetorical Situation.” Philosophy and Rhetoric 6 (3, 1973), 154-161. På dansk “Myten om den retoriske situation“, introduktion og oversættelse Jonas Gabrielsen & Christina Pontoppidan , Rhetorica Scandinavica 15, 2002.
Wall Street Journal, The Art of the Presidential Deal, Wall Street Journal, 2016, 21. juli. www.wsj.com/articles/the-art-of-the-presidential-deal-1469142175
Ware, Alan, ”The United States: Populism as Political Strategy.” Democracies and the Populist Challenge ired. Mény, Yves og Surel, Yves. Palgrave Macmillan, 2002.
Wodak, Ruth. The Politics of Fear: What Right-Wing Populist Discourses Mean. Sage, 2015.
Žižek, Slavoj, The return of public vulgarity, Newsweek, 2016, 12. februar. http://europe.newsweek.com/return-public-vulgarity-425691?rm=eu
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Open Access; CC Erkännande-IckeKommersiell-IngaBearbetningar 4.0
