Reading, Listening, Writing, Speaking
Imitation as Progression in the Rhetorical Progymnasmata Exercises
Abstract
Rhetoric is a teaching subject, but how should the teaching of rhetoric be designed? The teaching of rhetoric
should aim for the students to become good speakers or writers. The central concept of the rhetorical teaching tradition is imitatio. Imitation serves as a bridge between theoretically oriented teaching and the practice of speaking and writing. In both Quintilian and in the progymnasmata we find a progression in seven steps: lectio, reading aloud; praelectio, analysis of texts; memoria, memorization; paraphrasis, paraphrase; conversio, transliteration of models; recitatio, performing the composition; and correctio, correction by the teacher
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