Krosstogstalen til Urban II
Om bruken av literacy-teori i analysa av mellomalderretorikk
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52610/rhs.v5i19.270Abstract
Artikkelen har tre siktemål. For det fyrste å gjere greie for nyare forsking innanfor literacy-teori. Dernest vil merksemda bli retta mot somme metodiske problem som lett oppstår når storstilte teoretiske råmer (som literacy-teori) skal tilpassast ein gjeven historisk røyndom. Det tredje målet er meir konstruktivt og freistar å konkretisere nokre av dei teoretiske poenga. Konkretiseringa har på den eine sida eit utgangspunkt i Christian N. Eversbusch si analyse av pave Urban II sin krosstogsretorikk. Den andre sida av konkretiseringa vil ta form som ein stutt gjennomgang av sentrale krosstogskjelder, så vel som nyare forsking kring kommunikasjonsnettverk i høgmellomalderen.
References
Albericus (2000): “Albericus Adversus Berengarium Diaconum de Corpore Domini”, i: F. Newton F& Radding, C. M., Alberic of Monte Cassino, upublisert manuskript, side 76-87.
Armstrong, K. (1991): Holy War. The Crusaders and their impact on today’s world, New York.
Baldrici Episcopi Dolensis av Bourgueil (1879): “Historia Jerosolimitana”, i: Recueil des historiens des croisades. Historiens occidentaux, Paris, side 1-113.
Bartlett, Robert (1993): The Making of Europe. conquest, Colonization and Cultural Change 950-1350, New Jersey.
Bischoff, B. (1990): Latin Palaeography, Antiquity and the Middle Ages, Cambridge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511809927
Bull, M. (1993): Knightly Piety and the Lay Response to the First Crusade. The Limousin and Gascony, c. 970-c.1130, Oxford.
Burckhardt, J. (1958a): The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy. Volume I. The State as a Work of Ar, The Development of the Individual, The Revival of Antiquity, New York.
– (1958b): The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy. Volume II. The Discovery of the World and of Man, Society and Festivals, Morality and Religion, New York.
Chartier, R. (1992): The Order of the Books. Readers, Authors, and Libraries in Europe between the Fourteenth and the Eigtheenth centuries, Cambridge.
Clancy, M. T. (1992): From Memory to Written Record - England 1066-1307, London.
Cole, Thomas (1991): The Origins of Rhetoric in Ancient Greece, Baltimore & London.
Coleman, J. (1996): Public Reading and the Reading Public in Late Medieval England and France, Cambridge.
Cowdrey, H. E. J. (1970): “The Peace and the Truce of God in the eleventh century”, i: Past and Present, nr. 46, side 42-67. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/past/46.1.42
– (1982): “Pope Gregory VII’s ‘Crusading Plan’ of 1074”, i: Kedar, B. C., Mayer, H. E., & Smail, R. C. (red.): Outremer: Studies in the History of the Crusading Kingdom of Jerusalem Presented to Joshua Prawer, Jerusalem, side 27-40.
Crosby, Ruth (1936): “Oral Delivery in the Middle Ages”, Speculum vol. XI., Number 1. January 1936, side 88-110. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2846876
Curtius, Ernst Robert (1953): European Literature and the Latin Middle Ages, London.
Duby, G. (1977): Laity and the Peace of God, in The Chivalrous Society, London.
Elias, Norbert (1983): The Court Society, Oxford
Erdmann, Carl (1977): The Origin of the Idea of Crusade, New York.
Feldman, C. F. (1991): “Oral metalanguage”, i: D. R. Olson & N. Torrance (red.): Literacy and Orality, Cambridge, side 48-56.
Eversbusch, C. N (1999): “Det første korstogs retorik”, i: Rhetorica Scandinavica, nr. 11, side 53-69.
Finnegan, R. (1988): Orality and Literacy. Studies in the Technology of Communications, Oxford.
Flint, Valerie I. J. (1988): Ideas in the Medieval West: Texts and Their Contexts, London.
Foley, John Miles (1988): The Theory of Oral Composition. History and Methology, Bloomington and Indianapolis.
Fulcherio Carnotensi (1856): “Historia Iherosolymitana. Gesta Francorum Iherusalem peregrinantium, ab anno Domini MXCV usque ad annum MCXXVII”, i: Recueil des historiens des croisades. Historiens occidentaux, Paris, side 311-487.
Gellrich, J. M. (1995): Discourse and Dominion in the Fourteenth Century. Oral Contexts of Writing in Philosophy, Politics, and Poetry, New Jersey. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400821662
Goody J. & Watt, I. (1968): “The Consequences of Literacy”, i: J. Goody (red.): Literacy in Traditional Societies, Cambridge.
Goody, J. (1977), The Domestication of the Savage Mind, Cambridge.
Guiberto abbate monasterii Sanctæ Mariæ Novigenti (1889): “Historia quae dicitur Gesta Dei per Francos”, i Recueil des historiens des croisades. Historiens occidentaux, Paris, side 113-265.
Graff, Harvey J. (1979): The Literacy Myth. Literacy and Social Structure in the Nineteenth-Century City, New York.
Green, D. H. (1994): Medieval Listening and Reading. The primary reception of German literature 800-1300, Cambridge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511518720
Hagenmeyer (1901): Die Kreuzzugsbriefe aus den Jahren 1088-1100, Innsbruck.
Hartman, W. (1993): Der Investiturstreit, München.
Havelock, E. A. (1963), Preface to Plato, Cambridge and London. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4159/9780674038431
Innis, H. A. (1951): The Bias of Communication, Toronto.
Jaeger, C. Stephen (1985): The Origins of Courliness, Civilizing Trends and the Formation of Courtly Ideals 939-1210, Philadelphia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.9783/9780812200898
– (1994): The Envy of Angels, Cathedral Schools and Social Ideals in Medieval Europe, 950-1200, Philadelphia.
Keen, Maurice (1984): Chivalry, New Haven and London.
Kehr, P. (1926): Papsturkunden in Spanien. I Katalonien, Berlin, 287-88.
Kennedy, George (1963): The Art of Persuasion in Greece, New Jersey.
Lerner, D. (1958): The Passing of Traditional Society. Modernizing the Middle East, Cambridge.
Lovejoy, Arthur O. (1957): The Great Chain of Being. A Study of the History of an Idea, Massachusetts.
Mackinney, Loren C. (1930): “The People and Public Opinion in the Eleventh-Century Peace Movement”, i: Speculum, vol. V., side 181-206. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2847866
Manegoldi (1891-1892): “Manegoldi ad Gebehardum liber”, i: K. Franke (red.): Libelli de Lite. Imperatorum et pontificum saeculis XI. et XII. conscripti, I, Hannover, side 300-430.
McLuhan, M (1962): The Gutenberg Galaxy. The Making of Typographic Man, Toronto.
Menache, Sophia (1990): The Vox Dei. Communication in the Middle Ages, New York & Oxford.
Mennell Stephen (1989): Norbert Elias, Oxford.
Merton, Robert K. (1996): On Social Structure and Science, Chicago & London.
McKitterick, Rosamond (1989): The Carolingians and the written word, Cambridge. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511583599
– (1995): The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume II c. 700-c.900, Cambridge.
Morris, C. (1998): “Picturing the Crusades: The Uses of Visual Propaganda, c. 1095-1250”, i: J. France & W. G. Zajac (red.): The Crusaders and Their Sources. Essays Presented to Bernard Hamilton, Aldershot.
Morrison, Karl F. (1990): History as Visual Art in the TwelfthCentury Renaissance, Princeton & New Jersey. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/9781400861187
Morse, Ruth (1991): Truth and Convention in the Middle Ages, Rhetoric, Representation, and Reality, Cambridge.
Munro, D. C. (1906): “The Speech of Pope Urban II at Clermont, 1095”, i: Ahr, XI, side 231-42. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/ahr/11.2.231
Murphy, James J. (1974): Rhetoric in the Middle Ages, A History of Rhetorical Theory from Saint Augustine to the Renaissance, London.
Olson D. R. & Torrance, N. (1991): “Introduction”, i: D. R. Olson & N. Torrance (red.): Literacy and Orality, Cambridge.
Olson, D. R. (1985): “Introduction”, i: D. R. Olson, N. Torrance, & A. Hildyard (red.): Literacy, Language, and Learning. The nature and consequences of reading and writing, Cambridge.
Ong, W. (1982): Orality and Literacy: The Technologizing of the Word, London. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203328064
Partner, Nancy F. (1985): “The New Cornificius: Medieval History and the Artifice of Words”, i: Ernst Breisach (red.): Classical Rhetoric & Medieval Historiography, Michigan.
Pattison, R. (1982): On Literacy, New York.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Rhetorica Scandinavica
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Open Access; CC Erkännande-IckeKommersiell-IngaBearbetningar 4.0
