Retorisk modstandsdesign

Urolige ophold ved sære ting

Författare

  • Christine Isager Københavns Universitet
  • Per Liljenberg Halstrøm Københavns Erhvervsakademi (KEA)

Nyckelord:

modstandsdesign, retoriske homologier, ethos, form, materialitet

Abstract

De drastiske politiske tiltag til inddæmning af smitte i Danmark under corona-krisen mødte modstand i uventede, gammeldags og materielle formater. Kommunikationsbureauet Advice a/s producerede for ngo’en Hus Forbi en serie af snekugler, hvor tre københavnske hjemløse var fastholdt i 3D-printet miniatureformat i syntetisk julesne til markering af deres ekstra udsatte position under de aktuelle restriktioner. Og nyhedsmediet Frihedsbrevet fik fremstillet et vokskabinet, der i fuld legemsstørrelse udstillede ti embedsfolk, der havde haft anpart i den ulovlige beslutning om at aflive den danske minkbestand. Igennem disse materielle former for retorik blev offentligheden inviteret til at standse op og sanse og diskutere politisk magtudøvelse på en facon, der anskueliggør ideen om retorisk etos som et opholdssted, hvor fælles dyder dannes. Specifikt argumenterer vi for at forstå artefakterne som retorisk modstandsdesign, hvis overraskende, situationstilpassede formgreb er homologiske og skaber urovækkende fælles opholdssteder, hvor demokratisk etos udfordres og genforhandles.

Referenser

Advice (u.d.) https://adviceagency.com/portfolio/hus-forbi

Alexander, C. (interviewet af Max Jacobson, 1971). The state of the art in design methods. DMG newsletter, 5(3), s. 3-7.

Appel Olsen, F. (2023). “Forskeroprør ved Klimaministeriet: Urolig videnskabelig etos ved Scientist Rebellions teach-in-demonstration”. Rhetorica Scandinavica 86: 160-79. doi: 10.52610/rhs.v27i86.306

Bitzer, L. F. (1968). “The Rhetorical Situation”. Philosophy & Rhetoric 1(1), s. 1-14. doi: https://www.jstor.org/stable/40236733

Booth, W. C. (1974). A Rhetoric of Irony. Chicago & London: The University of Chicago Press.

Blair, C. (1999). “Contemporary U.S. Memorial Sites as Exemplars of Rhetoric's Materiality.” I J. Selzer & S. Crowley (red.), Rhetorical Bodies (s. 16-57). Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.

Brummett, B. (2004). Rhetorical Homologies. Form, Culture, Experience. Tuscaloosa, AL: University of Alabama Press.

Brügger, M. (2022). “Fri Mads #70: Magtens Voksmuseum – en rejsende udstilling af ti embedsmænd.” Frihedsbrevet 26. september: https://frihedsbrevet.dk/fri-mads-70-magtens-voksmuseum-en-rejsende-udstilling-af-ti-embedsmaend/

Buchanan, R. (1985). “Declaration by design: rhetoric, argument, and demonstration in design practice”. Design Issues, 2(1), s. 4-22.

Buchanan, R. (1995). “Rhetoric, humanism, and design”. I R. Buchanan & V. Margolin (red.). Discovering design: explorations in design studies (s. 23-66). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

Buchanan, R. (2001). “Design and the New Rhetoric: Productive Arts in the Philosophy of Culture”. Philosophy and Rhetoric, 34 (3): s. 183-206. doi: 10.1353/par.2001.0012

Buchanan, R. (2007). “Strategies of design research: Productive science and rhetorical inquiry”. I Michel, R. (red.), Design research now: essays and selected projects (s. 55-66). Boston, MA: Birkhäuser.

Carlson M., & Cerveny B. (2008). State Machine: Agency: http://state-machine.org/agency/ (hentet 9. dec. 2023).

Cresta (u.d.), The No Shelter Snowglobe: https://www.cresta-awards.com/?action=ows:entries.details&e=62160&project_year=2021

Dickinson, G., Blair, C., & Ott, B. (red.)(2010). Places of Public Memory: The Rhetoric of Museums and Memorials. Tuscaloosa, AL: University of Alabama Press.

DiSalvo, C. (2012). Adversarial Design. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Dunne, A. (1999). Hertzian tales: Electronic products, aesthetic experience and critical design. London: Royal College of Art.

Dunne, A. & Raby, F. (2007). https://dunneandraby.co.uk/content/projects/73/0 (hentet 19/1 2024).

Endres, D. & Senda-Cook, S. (2011). “Location Matters: The Rhetoric of Place in Protest”. Quarterly Journal of Speech, 97(3), 257-282. doi: 10.1080/00335630.2011.585167

Fakiner, N. (2016). “The spatial rhetoric of Gustav Zeiller's popular anatomical museum”. Dynamis, 36(1), 47-72. doi: 10.4321/S0211-95362016000100003

Forchhammer, Lukas (2021), STL Christmas Charity: https://www.facebook.com/LukasGraham/videos/329517914670717

Galle, P. (2018). “Elements of a Shared Theory of Science for Design”. Artifact: Journal of Design Practice, 5(1): 1.1-1.32. doi: 10.1386/art.5.1.1.1_1

Gruber, D. (2014). “The (Digital) Majesty of All Under Heaven: Affective Constitutive Rhetoric at the Hong Kong Museum of History’s Multi-Media Exhibition of Terracotta Warriors”. Rhetoric Society Quarterly, 44(2), 148-167. doi: 10.1080/02773945.2014.888462

Halstrøm, P. (2017). Rhetorical Design Studies: The Art of Making Design Choices Explicit (PhD-afhandling). Det Kongelige Akademi – Arkitektur, Design, Konservering, København.

Halstrøm, P.L. & Galle, P. (2014). “Design as Co-evolution of Problem, Solution, and Audience”. Artifact: Journal of Design Practice 3(4), s. 3.1-3.13. doi: 10.14434/artifact.v3i4.12815

Halstrøm, P.L. & Isager, C. (2021). “En medrivende form for knibeøvelser: Når retoriske homologier driver en designproces”. Rhetorica Scandinavica 83, s. 1-21. doi: https://doi.org/10.52610/rhs.v25i83.4

Hede, I.M. (2023). “Når den ene magtelite langer ud efter den anden magtelite, er det svært at se, hvem der er de ægte voksfigurer.” Information 28. marts.

Hyde, M. (2004). “Rhetorically, We Dwell.” I M. Hyde (red.), The Ethos of Rhetoric (s. xiii-xxviii). Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press.

Interview (2022) med Rikke Mønster og Alexander Mackenzie (ved forfatterne). Ny Østergade, København 8. august.

Jørgensen, E.K. (2023). “Stor succes i København: Helt særligt voksmuseum åbner i Aalborg.” migogaalborg 21. maj: https://migogaalborg.dk/stor-succes-i-koebenhavn-helt-saerligt-voksmuseum-aabner-i-aalborg/

Kaufer, D. S. & Butler, B. S. (1996). Rhetoric and the arts of design. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Kelly, V. (2014). “Design as Rhetoric in the Discourse of Resonance.” I Y. Lim, K. Niedderer, J. Redström, E. Stolterman & A. Valtonen, A. (red.), Design's Big Debates – DRS International Conference 2014.

Krag, A. (2020). Facebook-opslag 8. december 2020: https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=1581393935376841&set=a.260028464180068 (hentet 19/1 2024)

Krag, A. (2020a). “Debat: Senge til alle hjemløse.” Avisen Danmark 19. december: https://avisendanmark.dk/danmark/debat-senge-til-alle-hjemloese-under-corona

La Gries, L. (2015). Still Life with Rhetoric: A new materialist approach for visual rhetorics. Denver, CO: University Press of Colorado.

Madame Tussauds (u.d.), https://www.madametussauds.com/

Malpass, M. (2017). Critical Design in Context: History, Theory, and Practices. New York: Bloomsbury Academic.

Maurantonio, N. (2015). “Material Rhetoric, Public Memory, and the Post-It Note”. Southern Communication Journal 80(2), s. 83-101. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/1041794X.2015.1011344

Medarbejder- og kompetencestyrelsen (uden dato), Kodex VII: Syv centrale pligter for medarbejdere i centraladministrationen: https://medst.dk/media/9195/kodex_vii.pdf

Mouffe, C. (2000). The Democratic Paradox. London: Verso.

Ngai, S. (2012). Our Aesthetic Categories. Zany, Cute, Interesting. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Ott, B.L. & Dickinson, G. (2019). “Redefining Rhetoric: Why Matter Matters”. Berlin Journal of Critical Theory, 3(1), s. 45-82.

Papanek, V. (1971). Design for the Real World: Human Ecology and Social Change. New York: Bantam.

Pierce, J. (2015). Working by Not Quite Working: Resistance as a Technique for Alternative and Oppositional Designs (PhD thesis). Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA.

Phillips, K.R. & Podmore C. (2020). “The Scale of Our Memory: Spectacle in the Commemoration of Gallipoli.” Rhetoric Society Quarterly, 50(1), s. 35-52.

Pflugfelder, E. H. (2015). “Rhetoric’s New Materialism: From Micro-Rhetoric to Microbrew”. Rhetoric Society Quarterly 45(5), s. 441-461. https://doi.org/10.1080/02773945.2015.1082616

Retten på Frederiksberg (2022). “Frifindelse i ‘dukkesagen’.” 14 sept.: https://domstol.dk/frederiksberg/aktuelt/2022/9/frifindelse-i-dukkesagen/

Reynolds, N. (1993). “Ethos as Location: New Sites for Understanding Discursive Authority.” Rhetoric Review, 11 (2), s. 325-338

Rittel, H., & Webber, M. (1973). “Dilemmas in a general theory of planning”. Policy Sciences, 4(2), s. 155-169.

Ritzau (2021). “Forsvarer beder om løsladelse i sag om dukke af Mette Frederiksen.” Jyllands-Posten 18. feb.: https://jyllands-posten.dk/indland/ECE12771419/forsvarer-beder-om-loesladelse-i-sag-om-dukke-af-mette-frederiksen/

Robach, C. (2005). “Critical Design: Forgotten History or Paradigm Shift.” I L. Dencik, Shift: Design as Usual – Or a New Rising? (s. 30-41). Stockholm: Arvinius.

Schmidt, G.M. (2023). “Til sidst får Politikens journalist nok: »Den er god med dig, Mads Brügger«.” Politiken 15. marts.

Simon, H.A. (1996). The Sciences of the Artificial, 3rd ed. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Sosa-Tzec, O., Stolterman, E. & Siegel, M.A. (2015). “Gaza Everywhere: exploring the applicability of a rhetorical lens in HCI, Proceedings of Critical Alternatives 1(1).

Statens Seruminstitut (2022). Tidslinje for covid-19: https://www.ssi.dk/-/media/arkiv/subsites/covid19/presse/tidslinje-over-covid-19/covid-19-tidslinje-lang-for-2020-2022-version-2---december-2022.pdf

Statsministeriet, Pressemøde den 4. november 2020: https://www.stm.dk/presse/pressemoedearkiv/pressemoede-den-4-november-2020/

Tekeli, M. & Frøkjær, S. Chefredaktør Mads Brügger vil udstille kritiserede topembedsmænd som voksfigurer: “Det er værdigt, fordi det ikke er satire.” Frihedsbrevet 27. september 2022.

Terney, S.I. (2020). “Usædvanlige snekugler får politisk opmærksomhed.” Markedsføring 18. december: https://markedsforing.dk/artikler/nyheder/usaedvanlige-snekugler-faar-politisk-opmaerksomhed/

Terp, S. (2021). “Protestgruppen Men In Black udgiver manifest: ‘Vi ønsker et fundamentalt anderledes samfund’.” Berlingske 15. maj 2021: https://www.berlingske.dk/samfund/protestgruppen-men-in-black-udgiver-manifest-vi-oensker-et-fundamentalt

Thackara, J. (1988). Design of Modernism: Beyond the Object. New York: Thames and Hudson.

Warnick, B. (2004). “The Ethos of Rhetorical Criticism: Enlarging the Dwelling Place of Critical Praxis.” I M. Hyde (red.), The Ethos of Rhetoric (s. 56-74). Columbia, SC: University of South Carolina Press.

Wilson, N. (2020). “Algorithmic Dwelling: Ethos as Deformance in Online Spaces”. Rhetoric Review, 39(2), s. 216-229. https://doi.org/10.1080/07350198.2020.1727605

You, X. & Hands, D. (2019). “A Reflection upon Herbert Simon’s Vision of Design in The Sciences of the Artificial”. The Design Journal, 22(1), s. 1345-1356. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14606925.2019.1594961

##submission.downloads##

Publicerad

2024-12-18

Referera så här

Isager, C., & Liljenberg Halstrøm, P. (2024). Retorisk modstandsdesign: Urolige ophold ved sære ting. Rhetorica Scandinavica, 28(89). Hämtad från http://rhetsc.com.retorikforlaget.se/index.php/rhs/article/view/334